Indoor Air Quality ( Iaq ) - 1466 Words

Indoor Air Quality: 1. Introduction: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) refers to the air quality within and around buildings and structures, especially as it relates to the health and comfort of building occupants. People spend about 90% of their time indoors. Many people spend their entire working day inside an office, shop, factory, or other facility. In some indoor environments, poor air quality has been blamed for physical symptoms and complaints such as headaches, eye irritation, and coughs. These physical symptoms and complaints can affect people’s health, comfort, job satisfaction, and work performance. In recent years, people have become more aware of potential health and comfort problems that may be associated with poor indoor air quality. This is partly due to the move to more tightly sealed buildings, the implementation of energy conservation programs, and the growing use of laser printers, photocopiers, and other sources of indoor air contamination. A greater general awareness of environmenta l issues may also play a part. Indoor air pollution is a serious problem in many developing societies. In homes where open fires burn, especially when the climate is cold, the pollution from the fires accumulates and exposes the inhabitants, especially women, to the risks associated with smoke inhalation. The result can be serious lung disease and an increased risk of cancer, as occurs in some parts of China, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan etc among women who tend fires in homesShow MoreRelatedIndoor Air Quality ( Iaq )3184 Words   |  13 Pages Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as a causal factor in disease propagation Introduction: A healthy indoor environment is an essence for a comfortable, healthy and productive life. Based on the fact that good air quality is one of the important components of a healthy indoor environment, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) as, â€Å"the temperature, humidity, ventilation and chemical contaminants of the air inside a building.†1, 2 EPA’s definitionRead MoreA New Concept1789 Words   |  8 PagesIAQ is not a new concept, consider our ancestors living in caves and the impact from smoke pollutions or in ancient Egypt stonemasons working in the open air were healthier than those working in workshop. Even Biblical scripts refer to the dangers of mould in the home. However, there have been four fundamental developments that have occurred in the last forty-five years (Lee, et al., 1996): †¢ The increased time spent within indoor environments. †¢ The increased dependency on artificial productsRead MoreEssay about Autonomous Air Pollution Monitoring System 1218 Words   |  5 Pages People are exposed to air pollutants both indoors and outdoors depending on the activities of individuals. It is significant to measure the exposure levels of different pollutant gases, especially for the well being sensitive or susceptible individuals such as children, aged people and persistently ill people. To avoid such adverse imbalances in the nature, an air quality monitoring system is utmost important. Recent enhancement in technology have made it conceivable to deploy cost-effective wirelessRead MoreManagement Of Indoors Air Quality1265 Words   |  6 PagesManagement of Indoors Air Quality in schools: Schools’ children do spend in their classrooms almost double the time they do in their rooms at homes (WHO, 2007). This gives the extra importance of having good indoor air quality at schools which helps to pertain an improved learning environment, increased productivity and better health for students and school staff. Having poor indoor air qualities would have severe consequences on health, behaviors, perception, development and learning disabilitiesRead MoreIndoor Air Quality And Environmental Health Essay2305 Words   |  10 PagesIndoor Air Quality and Environmental Health Indoor air quality (IAQ) refers only to the quality of the ambient air in an interior environment. On average, people spend well over half of their time inside, and research has shown that indoor air in buildings can be more contaminated than outdoor air. The majority of people that work in non-industrial buildings such as offices, schools, and hospitals are exposed daily to poor IAQ. Indoor air pollution (IAP) continually ranks among the top five environmentalRead MoreAir Quality Effects On Humans886 Words   |  4 Pages 1.1 Air Quality Effects on Humans Air quality in America is a very important topic. Humans breathe every day, approximately 3,000 gallons of air. Without it, we cannot live1. Breathing air, which contains pollutants, can be harmful to human health. Minimally, polluted air can cause burning eyes and noses along with an irritated throat and difficulty breathing. Additionally, for people with asthma, which includes over 30 million Americans, pollutants can aggravate respiratory problemsRead MoreSafety Aesthetic Effects, Contingent Liability And Health Issues1681 Words   |  7 Pagesvisit to those areas. The first problem, which was diagnosed by us, was ventilation: The purpose of proper ventilation is to provide high indoor air quality, pleasant temperature, maintaining oxygen level, removal of mosquitoes, odour, carbon dioxide and air bone bacteria’s. Ventilation exchanges the indoor foul air with the outdoor fresh air and also maintains air circulation within the building. During the visit of the property we found problem of ventilation is very common in many areas of the buildingRead MoreSafety Aesthetic Effects, Contingent Liability And Health Issues4010 Words   |  17 Pagesto those areas. The first problem, which was diagnosed by us, was ventilation: The purpose of proper ventilation is to provide high indoor air quality, pleasant temperature, maintaining oxygen level, removal of mosquitoes, odour, carbon dioxide and air bone bacteria’s. Ventilation exchanges the indoor foul air with the outdoor fresh air and also maintains air circulation within the building. During the visit of the property we found problem of ventilation is very common in many areas of theRead MoreEffects of Poor Indoor Air Quality2161 Words   |  9 Pagescommon that air that we breather within various indoor environments have different particles and gaseous contaminants. Upon these contaminants affecting human health and performance they change to be known as indoor pollutants, for example school setting commonly experience this environment. Health and performance in school is also affected by indoor temperature and relative humidity on influence of the airborne level of molds as well as bacteria. Effects of Poor Indoor Air Quality There areRead MoreSources of Air Pollution In general, the air pollution sources are categorized into mobile sources800 Words   |  4 Pagesof Air Pollution In general, the air pollution sources are categorized into mobile sources and stationary sources. Stationary sources are mostly industrial complexes such as factories and electric generating plants. Mobile sources are vehicles, on- road, off-road. The quality of the indoor air also plays a significant role as far as health is concerned. However, the awareness among the public in this aspect is increasing, and they have started realizing the issues that arise with poor indoor air

Discussion of the Existence of Mental Illness Essay

Discussion of the Existence of Mental Illness The feelings and behaviour of the human race are variable to say the least. Depending upon environmental factors or personal experiences the same people may range from being happy to sad, feeling sluggish to being highly active, behaving aggressively or calmly at any time. The majority of these responses will fit into a perceived range of normal, as it is appreciated that events can elicit all kinds of emotions, and comment or concern will generally only emerge when these responses are judged to be unreasonable in light of individual personal and social†¦show more content†¦New Labours’ focus on public health is undoubtedly a financially inspired move, but it also moves towards countering many of the vitamin deficiency related mental illnesses. Reynolds (2002) states that a deficiency of folic acid has been proven to have parti cular effects on mood, and has been associated with depression. Deficiencies in a number of B vitamins are known to cause depression, as is a lack of zinc, particularly in women. These issues also relate to the health based side of the social sciences. An interesting study published in 2004 (Sanders Thompson et al) linked discrimination to mental illness and worsening of existing symptoms. They found that the impact of discrimination in all areas not only created feelings of isolation and helplessness commonly linked with depression, but also impacted upon help seeking, service utilization and treatment outcome. When it is considered that mental illness can be linked to unemployment, time off work, homelessness and other social issues, it is evident that a political appraisal of the causes of mental illness would be beneficial in terms of the country’s’ budget. The question of the existence of mental illness and its’ causes also concerns political thinkers in reference to social policy. Farrington et al (1982,Show MoreRelatedIntroduction Of Ibm Spss Statistics 21 Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagesstigma from Survey A to Survey B. Prior to the educational intervention, 60.7% of participants believed that someone with a mental disorder should be kept in a psychiatric or mental hospital, compared to 45% following the intervention. Prior to the intervention, 79.1% of participants reported that they would seek outside help if they thought that they might have a mental illness and 17.4% of participants reported that they would keep it to themselves, compared to 83.3% who would seek outside help andRead MoreMediation And Race : Mediation1599 Words   |  7 Pagesis more of a chance that each person in the room can relate to and be understood by on some level to somebody. Mental Health The mental health of a participant can be very important to the quality of a mediation session. For example, a center may ask for any special circumstances that mediators need to be aware of in pre-session paperwork. The existence of a diagnosed mental illness may affect the way in which the participant receives and processes the information, how he or she reacts to thisRead MoreThe Lines Between Sanity And Insanity1064 Words   |  5 Pagescharacters’ personalities. In society, as shown in the novels, people are often too quick to write off nonconformist as crazy or insane. Girl, Interrupted and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest both illustrate how society’s stern view cause them to treat mental illness unethically and take away from individualism. Minds may be altered through prescribed medication until they are faded husks of what they once were, As seen in both Susanna Kaysen’s Girl, Interrupted and Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over The Cuckoo’sRead MoreBenjamin Rush : The Father Of The American Psychiatry Essay1523 Words   |  7 PagesWhen doing research I found that Benjamin Rush was the father of the American Psychiatry from 1745 to 1813. Rush claimed that â€Å"the cause of madness is seated primarily in the blood vessels of the brain† and that mental derangement occurs because the brain is â€Å"overcharged† with blood. Also, I researched that Rush had a â€Å"Negritude†. In 1797, Rush declared that blacks suffered from a disease called negritude. This he claimed derived from leprosy and caused the skin to be dark and that segregation wouldRead MoreHealth And Illness Are Terms That Are Commonly Interlinked,1264 Words   |  6 Pages Health and illness are terms that are commonly interlinked, and offer a topic of discussion that involves different definitions and viewpoints. For example, health can refer to physical wellness or mental stability. On the other hand, it can be used in non-medical terms, including referring to the health of a country’s economy, or the health of the education system (Kirby, 1997). Due to the varying uses and complexity of the two words, multiple definitions have been established and criticizedRead MoreThe Death Of The American Psychiatry Essay1508 Words   |  7 Pages Cultural Activity When doing research I found that Benjamin Rush was the father of the American Psychiatry from 1745 to 1813. 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You spend days throwing yourself at the wall and jumping as high as you can but never succeedRead MoreDeath By A Suicidal Pilot1529 Words   |  7 Pagesdamage to US warships and more than 7,000 killed.(3) The Kamikaze suicide is almost non-existence now days when it comes to military actions and only the mentally unstable suicidal aircrews remain. A lot of time passed since 1945, so all the recent airplane suicides have been caused by the same major factors as a normal everyday life activities like, financial, and relationship problems, or some type of mental illness and it’s just another way to commit suicide. The most current one was a GermanwingRead MoreThe Artist : An Artist1444 Words   |  6 Pageswhich will appear in due course in the coherence of the picture, in the relation between the will to create and the finished work† (Sartre.1948,pg 364).This insinuates no one has a preset account of their believes, we don’t just abruptly arise in to existence and have an embedded moral compass, as time evolves we are faced to make immensely challenging moral decisions and in the end our final result is the moral values formed. No different than the final result of artwork, over the course of time ourRead MorePsychological Evaluation Of The Semester Of Spring 20151143 Words   |  5 Pagesthat I was forced to tell my parents that not only was I unwell, but also that I had been unwell for about four years, which presumably contributed to my poor grades. My poor mental health came as a shock to my parents. Their recovery plan consisted of my moving back home, taking easy online classes, and keeping my illness a family secret. Furthermore, I underwent a psychological evaluation that diagnosed me with ADHD, for which I would be medicated, and generalized anxiety, which was overlooked

The article talks about animal rights Free Essays

The article talks about animal rights. The writer illustrates both argument, for and against, in his article. The writer starts by explaining the meaning of animal rights, which includes no experimenting, breeding, killing animals and no zoos or using animals for entertaining. We will write a custom essay sample on The article talks about animal rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now The people for animal rights argue that both human beings and adult mammals have rights because they are both ‘subjects-of-a-life’. On the other hand, the people against animal rights argue that animals don’t think, not conscious. Also animals these people argue that animals were put on earth to serve human beings. This view comes originally from the Bible, but probably reflects a basic human attitude towards other species. Christian theologians developed this idea – St Augustine taught that â€Å"by a most just ordinance of the Creator, both their [animals’] life and their death are subject to our use. † They also argue that animals don’t have souls as Christian theologians used to teach that only being with souls deserved ethical consideration. In addition, animals don’t behave morally and are not the members of the ‘moral community’. The arguments goes, why should human beings have obligations towards animals, if animals don’t have obligations to other animals or to human beings? I agree that animals should have rights. In my opinion, animals are also like humans, they should also be given certain among of rights and respect. However, I think that the rights should be limited, as animals are not like human. They lacking in the ability to judge right or wrong and may behave immorally. Therefore, if full rights are given to animals, it may be rather ironic; imagine punishing a dog for biting someone in the court. How to cite The article talks about animal rights, Papers

Research in Accounting Practice

Questions: Required: You are Susans assistant and you have been asked to prepare a report that is backed by scholarly literature addressing the following issues regarding approaches to compensation: a. Typical elements of compensation packages. b. Outline the key assumptions of traditional agency theory and their influence on approaches to compensation. c. Explain the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and the relationship between the two motivations. d. How might an employees attitude to risk influence their desired compensation package? (Only need to consider risk averse employees and risk seeking employees). e. How might the time period when employee receives a financial benefit influence they desire for the benefit? f. What role do fairness considerations have when determining compensation? g. Why an executive compensation committee may provide benefits in determining compensation. h. How to structure an executive compensation committee to achieve the best outcomes. i. Conclusion: use the information in your previous answers to develop recommendations for determining compensation that enhance job satisfaction and work motivation. j. Appropriate report formatting (title page, table of contents, introduction and appropriate headings). k. Adequate in-text references and reference list following Harvard style. Answers: Introduction The ethics in the accounting refers to making moral and good choices in regard to preparation, disclosure and presentation of the financial information. In the given case study, the construction industry has been in downturn due to the austerity measures of the government. The CEO of the company Bill Strong has been contributed to the success of Strong Built Construction Company in order to maintain revenue for last two years at similar levels (Foss, N Stea, D 2014). But, according to the survey levels of the employees motivation has been falling. The board of members has been questioning the current approach to the executive compensation that the rewards with the company shares. Bill Strong argues that conventional agency theory approach to the executive compensation where the employees would receive benefits that will help to motivate employees. He explains that fundamental considerations need to be taken into account to determine the executive compensation. Main Body Elements of the compensation package The compensation packages that can be adopted by the company are as follows: Base Salary The company can provide compensation on the performance of the executives on the basis of their skills, accomplishment and skills. The base salary is a fixed compensation and is paid in cash. It will help to support and retain executive talents (Hermanson, DR, Tompkins, JG, Veliyath, R Ye, ZS 2012). Annual Bonus The efforts of the employees should be encouraged by giving reward in order to achieve measurable objectives. The employees would be motivated and will help them to achieve their task objectives. Long term incentives The long term incentives are variable compensation that can be provided to the employees to motivate them and it is based on the long term performance of the company. The incentive is paid in common stock (Ims, KJ, Pedersen, LJT Zsolnai, L 2014). Employee Benefits The employees should be provided with benefits such as life insurance plans, pension and savings program. Key assumptions of traditional agency theory with the influence on approaches to compensation The traditional agency theory mainly focuses on the motivational effect of the compensation on the performance of the employees. The agency theory has introduced economic perspective by determining executive compensation system that should be implemented by the company. The agency theory links the compensation of the executives to the performance of the company, return on the investment and stockholders interest (OReilly, CA, Doerr, B, Caldwell, DF Chatman, JA 2014). The effect of the compensation on the behaviour of the managers and performance of the company is explained in the theory that shows that they are motivated to achieve their objectives. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the compensation and companys performance. Differentiation between the intrinsic and the extrinsic motivation with the relationships The motivation of the employees is very much for the achievement of the task objectives within the organization. There are present different theories to motivate people. In some cases, people are motivated by external and internal factors (Pepper, A Gore, J 2014). It is important to important understand the distinction between the extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Extrinsic motivation means external factors that motivate an individual. These kinds of motivation are frequently and everywhere used within the community throughout lifetime. When people are motivated to achieve, learn, and try to do best depend on regarded outcome Moreover, for fun, learning and development also offered a great experience (Pepper, A Gore, J 2015). Thus, extrinsic motivation is an external reward, demand, and obligation which require the achievements of a specific goal. When an employee is intrinsically motivated, and they must enjoy an activity, development of Skill or course solely to satisfy of learning and also having fun and to determined struggle inwardly in accordance to be competent. There's present, not any external inducement than an intrinsic motivation becomes the key outcome or behaviours (Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. 2007). Moreover, an individual strive in front of the goal for their personal accomplishment or satisfaction. There is a relationship in between extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. Studies of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation rely on a one-dimensional model. However, research within the structure of the Achievement Goal Theory also represented which employees need to adopt several combinations of the intrinsic and also to external achievements of the goals (Braiotta, L. 2004). Moreover, these two types of studies have also addressed this problem and represent to major the negative relationship in between extrinsic and intrin sic motivation. This study generally measures the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to do the work and offers a contribution, by examining the experimental separateness of the two orientation motivation. Conversely, these types of the study described the relations in between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation along elementary organization or the company (Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. 2008). Risk adverse employees and Risk seeking employees Risk seeking employees generally defines the term that are helps in the increment of the greater volatility and the uncertainty increment. Thus it also enacts the increment of the exchanges that helps in the creation of the anticipated higher returns and hence the pursuing of the might investments as well as the anticipation of the investments are carried out for the proper accessing of the systems that are useful for the enhancement of the investments and thus it creates the conduct even greater due intelligence and thus risks are considers for the investments (Epstein, M. and Lee, J. 2011). Thus it also helps in the increment of the implied risks that are required for the growth of the interests that is helpful for proper mitigation of the risks in the organisation. Risks adverse employees are denoted for the proper enhancement of the performance of the employees that helps in providing the proper judgement for the employees. It also helps in the creation of the increment that helps in the improvement of the workforce in the public sectors and thus it also helps in the involvement of the employees facing the risks (Gough, L. 2002). This helps in the creation of the altruistic motivations. Influence of the financial benefits received by the employees The financial benefits are given to the employees that motivate them to achieve their goals. The benefits such as compensation to the employees, bonus, fringe benefits and paid vacations will motivate the employees of the organization (Holton, R. 2012). The employees should be provided these benefits after one year of experience and also considered as extra benefits for them. The fringe benefits include major expenditures such as stock ownership plans, health insurance, paid vacations and paid holidays. Role of fairness considerations for determining compensation Management faces a huge number of challenges to determine how to reward the workers. They need to balance the market, internal equity, competitiveness, individual performance and organizational performance considerations. Conversely, the problems of fairness motivate each of the areas (Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T. 2011). It does not matter hoe sophisticated the plan and design, practices and policies and reward programs which are not superficial as fair successfully will not engage, attract and retain employees. Equity and justice are closely related to the concepts which have long been connected with perceptions of shell out the fairness. Mostly, similar constructs and reward fairness of pay equity and justice have been representing to be sturdily related to the workers attitudes incorporates commitment, seeming the support of the company, intention to quit and pay satisfaction (Kieso, D., Weygandt, J., Warfield, T. and Kieso, D. 2010). Moreover, the workers perception o f reward fairness are closely related to the employee's performance, attitudes, and behaviours, and it is less precise and clear that the exact results of the reward practices need to have in this particular perceptions. Provision of benefits made by executive compensation committee for determining compensation The benefits that are required for the proper creation of the benefits also helps in the formation of the retirement plans for the executives and the other compensation plans that are included for the proper growth of the designing of the committee for the proper execution of the work process (Kieso, D., Weygandt, J., Warfield, T. and Kieso, D. 2010). The retirement plans are included for the achievement of the proper pension plans, savings and the other compensation plans that are included for the growth of the company. Thus the employees will be willing to work for the organisation so as to be got the benefits in the properly arranged manner and thus it also helps in the enhancement of the risks for the employees (Ross, S., Westerfield, R. and Jaffe, J. 2005). The benefits also includes the responsibilities that helps the executives to carry out the proper planning of the compensations for the employees and thus the proper duties are followed for the achievement of the compensation plans for the employees. Achievement of the best outcomes made by the executive compensation committee Executive compensation is a controversial and complex subject matter. In this scenario, non-CEO and CEO executives reflect separately. Here, we conclude that used of data on share ownerships, prior and current options grants, and restricted stock awards, annual bonuses, and salaries in accordance to following the component growth. Four types of basic executive pay are the key point of this research (Vataliya, K. 2009). Firstly, executives obtain a base salary that is benchmarked against the peer organizations. Secondly, they also have an arrangement of annual bonus generally, depend on accounting performance considers. Third, executives get the stock options and the last is pay incorporates additional compensation like a retirement plan, a big incentive plans, and the restricted stock. However, executive compensation continues elected to scrutinize by increasing regulators, major investors and some proxy advisory company-specified the losses incurred by shareholders (Winters, D. 2008 ). CFOs plays a vital role to frame the financial results of the compensation plans also to influence the public awareness of this plan. Conclusion The compensation to the executives as well the employees would receive financial benefits will motivate them to achieve their goals. The employees benefits that should be adopted by the company are retirement plan, life insurance, paid vacations, stock ownership plans and disability insurance. The compensation to the employees is the right of the executives and the financial benefits are provided to the employees that will help to motivate them and achieving the goals of the organization. References Agyei, A, Aye, BK Owusu-Yeboah, E 2013, 'An assessment of audit expectation gap in Ghana', Int. J. Acad. Res. Account.,Financ. Manage. Sci, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 112-8. Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Braiotta, L. (2004).The audit committee handbook. New York: Wiley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Epstein, M. and Lee, J. (2011).Advances in management accounting. Bingley, UK: Emerald. Fifield, S. and Power, D. (2011).Managerial finance. [Bradford, UK]: Emerald. Foss, N Stea, D 2014, Putting a realistic theory of mind into agency theory: implications for reward design and management in principal-agent relations, European Management Review, vol.11, no. 1, pp. 101-16. Gold, A, Gronewold, U Pott, C 2012, 'The ISA 700 auditor's report and the audit expectation gap Do explanations matter?',International Journal of Auditing, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 286-307. Gough, L. (2002).Global finance. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub. Hermanson, DR, Tompkins, JG, Veliyath, R Ye, ZS 2012, The compensation committee process, Contemporary Accounting Research, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 666-709. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Ims, KJ, Pedersen, LJT Zsolnai, L 2014, How economic incentives may destroy social, ecological and existential values: the case of executive compensation, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 353-60. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T. (2011).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons. Kieso, D., Weygandt, J., Warfield, T. and Kieso, D. (2010).Intermediate accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Kimmel, P., Weygandt, J. and Kieso, D. (2007).Financial accounting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.